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Fifty Years of American Sentencing Reform: Nine Lessons

Abstract:
Efforts to standardize sentences and eliminate disparities in a state or the federal system cannot succeed; distinctive practices and norms, diverse local cultures, and practical and political needs of officials and agencies assure major local differences in sentencing practice. Presumptive sentencing guidelines developed by sentencing commissions, however, are the most effective means to improve consistency, reduce disparity, and control corrections spending. Federal sentencing guidelines have been remarkably unsuccessful; they should be rebuilt from the ground up. Mandatory sentencing laws should be repealed, and no new ones enacted; they produce countless injustices, encourage cynical circumventions, and seldom achieve demonstrable reductions in crime. Black and Hispanic defendants are more likely than whites and Asians to be sentenced to imprisonment, and for longer; presumptive sentencing guidelines reduced racial disparities initially and over time, but most states do not have presumptive guidelines. Use of predictions of dangerousness to determine who is imprisoned and for how long is unjust; predictive accuracy has improved little in 50 years and current methods too often lengthen prison terms of people who would not have committed violent crimes. Except in the handful of states that have effective systems of presumptive sentencing guidelines, parole release is an essential component of a just and cost-effective sentencing system in the United States.
Author Listing: Michael Tonry
Volume: 48
Pages: 1 - 34
DOI: 10.1086/701798
Language: English
Journal: Crime and Justice

Crime and Justice-A Review of Research

CRIME JUSTICE

影响因子:3.2
是否综述期刊:否
是否OA:否
是否预警:不在预警名单内
发行时间:-
ISSN:0192-3234
发刊频率:-
收录数据库:Scopus收录
出版国家/地区:-
出版社:University of Chicago Press

期刊介绍

年发文量 6
国人发稿量 -
国人发文占比 0%
自引率 0.0%
平均录取率 -
平均审稿周期 -
版面费 -
偏重研究方向 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-
期刊官网 -
投稿链接 -

质量指标占比

研究类文章占比 OA被引用占比 撤稿占比 出版后修正文章占比
100.00% 3.70% - -

相关指数

影响因子
影响因子
年发文量
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预警情况

时间 预警情况
2025年03月发布的2025版 不在预警名单中
2024年02月发布的2024版 不在预警名单中
2023年01月发布的2023版 不在预警名单中
2021年12月发布的2021版 不在预警名单中
2020年12月发布的2020版 不在预警名单中

JCR分区 WOS分区等级:Q1区

版本 按学科 分区
WOS期刊SCI分区
(2021-2022年最新版)
CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Q1

中科院分区

版本 大类学科 小类学科 Top期刊 综述期刊
法学
1区
CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
犯罪学与刑罚学
1区
2021年12月
升级版
法学
2区
CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
犯罪学与刑罚学
2区
2020年12月
旧的升级版
法学
2区
CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
犯罪学与刑罚学
2区
2022年12月
最新升级版
社会学
2区
CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY
犯罪学与刑罚学
2区