Evaluating small field dosimetry with the Acuros XB (AXB) and analytical anisotropic algorithm (AAA) dose calculation algorithms in the eclipse treatment planning system

Abstract:
Background: An increasing number of external beam treatment modalities including intensity modulated radiation therapy, volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and stereotactic radiosurgery uses very small fields for treatment planning and delivery. However, there are major challenges in small photon field dosimetry, due to the partial occlusion of the direct photon beam source’s view from the measurement point, lack of lateral charged particle equilibrium, steep dose-rate gradient and volume averaging effect of the detector response and variation of the energy fluence in the lateral direction of the beam. Therefore, experimental measurements of dosimetric parameters such as percent depth doses (PDDs), beam profiles and relative output factors (ROFs) for small fields continue to be a challenge. Materials and Methods: In this study, we used a homogeneous water phantom and the heterogeneous anthropomorphic stereotactic end-to-end verification (STEEV) head phantom for all dose measurements and calculations. PDDs, lateral dose profiles and ROFs were calculated in the Eclipse Treatment Planning System version 13·6 using the Acuros XB (AXB) and the analytical anisotropic algorithms (AAAs) in a homogenous water phantom. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and measurements using the Exradin W1 Scintillator were also accomplished for four photon energies: 6 MV, 6FFF, 10 MV and 10FFF. Two VMAT treatment plans were generated for two different targets: one located in the brain and the other in the neck (close to the trachea) in the head phantom (CIRS, Norfolk, VA, USA). A Varian Truebeam linear accelerator (Varian, Palo Alto, CA, USA) was used for all treatment deliveries. Calculated results with AXB and AAA were compared with MC simulations and measurements. Results: The average difference of PDDs between W1 Exradin Scintillator measurements and MC simulations, AAA and AXB algorithm calculations were 1·2, 2·4 and 3·2%, respectively, for all field sizes and energies. AXB and AAA showed differences in ROF of about 0·3 and 2·9%, respectively, compared with W1 Exradin Scintillator measured values. For the target located in the brain in the head phantom, the average dose difference between W1 Exradin Scintillator and the MC simulations, AAA and AXB were 0·2, 3·2 and 2·7%, respectively, for all field sizes. Similarly, for the target located in the neck, the respective dose differences were 3·8, 5·7 and 3·5%. Conclusion: In this study, we compared dosimetric parameters such as PDD, beam profile and ROFs in water phantom and isocenter point dose measurements in an anthropomorphic head phantom representing a patient. We observed that measurements using the W1 Exradin scintillator agreed well with MC simulations and can be used efficiently for dosimetric parameters such as PDDs and dose profiles and patient-specific quality assurance measurements for small fields. In both homogenous and heterogeneous media, the AXB algorithm dose prediction agrees well with MC and measurements and was found to be superior to the AAA algorithm.
Author Listing： Sepideh Behinaein;Ernest Osei;J Darko;Paule Charland;Dylan Bassi
Volume： 18
Pages： 353-364
DOI： 10.1017/S1460396919000104
Language： English
Journal： Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice

Journal of Radiotherapy in Practice

J RADIOTHER PRACT

影响因子：0.3 是否综述期刊：否 是否OA：否 是否预警：不在预警名单内 发行时间：- ISSN：1460-3969 发刊频率：- 收录数据库：ESCI/Scopus收录 出版国家/地区：- 出版社：Cambridge University Press

期刊介绍

年发文量 46
国人发稿量 -
国人发文占比 0%
自引率 0.0%
平均录取率 -
平均审稿周期 -
版面费 US$3255
偏重研究方向 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING-
期刊官网 -
投稿链接 -

质量指标占比

研究类文章占比 OA被引用占比 撤稿占比 出版后修正文章占比
89.13% 13.41% - -

相关指数

{{ relationActiveLabel }}
{{ item.label }}

期刊预警不是论文评价，更不是否定预警期刊发表的每项成果。《国际期刊预警名单（试行）》旨在提醒科研人员审慎选择成果发表平台、提示出版机构强化期刊质量管理。

预警期刊的识别采用定性与定量相结合的方法。通过专家咨询确立分析维度及评价指标，而后基于指标客观数据产生具体名单。

具体而言，就是通过综合评判期刊载文量、作者国际化程度、拒稿率、论文处理费（APC）、期刊超越指数、自引率、撤稿信息等，找出那些具备风险特征、具有潜在质量问题的学术期刊。最后，依据各刊数据差异，将预警级别分为高、中、低三档，风险指数依次减弱。

《国际期刊预警名单（试行）》确定原则是客观、审慎、开放。期刊分区表团队期待与科研界、学术出版机构一起，夯实科学精神，打造气正风清的学术诚信环境！真诚欢迎各界就预警名单的分析维度、使用方案、值得关切的期刊等提出建议！

预警情况 查看说明

时间 预警情况
2024年02月发布的2024版 不在预警名单中
2023年01月发布的2023版 不在预警名单中
2021年12月发布的2021版 不在预警名单中
2020年12月发布的2020版 不在预警名单中

JCR分区 WOS分区等级：Q4区

版本 按学科 分区
WOS期刊SCI分区
WOS期刊SCI分区是指SCI官方（Web of Science）为每个学科内的期刊按照IF数值排 序，将期刊按照四等分的方法划分的Q1-Q4等级，Q1代表质量最高，即常说的1区期刊。
（2021-2022年最新版）
RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING Q4

关于2019年中科院分区升级版（试行）

分区表升级版（试行）旨在解决期刊学科体系划分与学科发展以及融合趋势的不相容问题。由于学科交叉在当代科研活动的趋势愈发显著，学科体系构建容易引发争议。为了打破学科体系给期刊评价带来的桎梏，“升级版方案”首先构建了论文层级的主题体系，然后分别计算每篇论文在所属主题的影响力，最后汇总各期刊每篇论文分值，得到“期刊超越指数”，作为分区依据。

分区表升级版（试行）的优势：一是论文层级的主题体系既能体现学科交叉特点，又可以精准揭示期刊载文的多学科性；二是采用“期刊超越指数”替代影响因子指标，解决了影响因子数学性质缺陷对评价结果的干扰。整体而言，分区表升级版（试行）突破了期刊评价中学科体系构建、评价指标选择等瓶颈问题，能够更为全面地揭示学术期刊的影响力，为科研评价“去四唯”提供解决思路。相关研究成果经过国际同行的认可，已经发表在科学计量学领域国际重要期刊。

《2019年中国科学院文献情报中心期刊分区表升级版（试行）》首次将社会科学引文数据库（SSCI）期刊纳入到分区评估中。升级版分区表（试行）设置了包括自然科学和社会科学在内的18个大类学科。基础版和升级版（试行）将过渡共存三年时间，推测在此期间各大高校和科研院所仍可能会以基础版为考核参考标准。 提示：中科院分区官方微信公众号“fenqubiao”仅提供基础版数据查询，暂无升级版数据，请注意区分。

中科院分区 查看说明

版本 大类学科 小类学科 Top期刊 综述期刊
暂无数据
润色翻译 学术服务 全程投稿录用指导 隐私声明 期刊介绍 SCI论文润色 SCI论文投稿
科研顾问
官方微信公众号